Dan Rather Reports

Episode Number: 209

Episode Title: Latino Invasions

Description: For anyone caught entering the United States illegally, there's a new reality. Detention Centers. The Bush administration has stopped the long accepted practice of "catch and release" for illegal immigrants and is instead locking them up. While the government tries to slow the influx, there's no stopping the flood of Latino culture that is exploding on the American scene, from television and movies to some of the most popular new music. A special town hall meeting live from Austin, Texas.

Transcript:

LADIES AND GENTLEMEN, DAN RATHER. THANK YOU, THANK YOU, THANK YOU VERY MUCH, THANKS.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH TO OUR LIVE AUDIENCE HERE AND GOOD EVENING FROM THE LINDEN BAINES JOHNSON LIBRARY AND MUSEUM IN AUSTIN TEXAS. THIS PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY WHICH HOUSES THE PAPERS AND WHITE HOUSE MEMORABILIA OF ONE OF THE MOST COMPLEX MEN TO OCCUPY OUR HIGHEST OFFICE. HE IS ONE OF THE MANY ATTRACTIONS TO BE FOUND IN THIS BEAUTIFUL AND VIBRANT CITY. WHICH IS ALSO HOME TO THE STATE CAPITAL AND THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, AND THIS WEEK TO SOUTH BY SOUTH WEST. A SPRAWLING FESTIVAL DEDICATED TO FILM, MUSIC AND INTERACTIVE MEDIA. AND THIS YEAR AT SOUTH BY SOUTH WEST AND THROUGHOUT THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE IN PLACES SUCH AS THE ACADEMY AWARDS AND THE GRAMMY'S. IT'S IMPOSSIBLE NOT TO NOTICE THE GROWING NUMBER OF CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE LATIN AMERICAN COMMUNITY. THERE EMERGENCE AND POPULARITY REFLECTING NOT ONLY THIS NATIONS PRONOUNCED DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFTS OF RECENT YEARS BUT ALSO CROP OF EXCITING NEW TALENTS. MEANWHILE THOUGH FROM BOARDER STATES SUCH AS TEXAS, THERE ARE FEW TOPICS THAT CONTINUE TO GENERATE MORE HEAT THEN THE SUBJECT OF IMMIGRATION. LEGAL AND OTHERWISE. TONIGHT WE'LL ALSO TRY TO SHED SOME LIGHT ON THIS COMPLEX SUBJECT FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF BORDER ENFORCEMENT AND ALSO IN A BROADER SENSE BY LOOKING AT THE MANY WAYS THAT IMMIGRANTS FROM MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA ARE JOINING THEIR OWN HISTORY'S AND CULTURE WITH THE BROADER AMERICAN STORY, IN WAYS THAT EXTEND FAR BEYOND ETHNIC AND NATIONAL LINES. AND THEN FINALLY, WE'LL LEARN MORE ABOUT THE AMERICAN PRESIDENT AND TEXAS NATIVE TO WHOM THIS LIBRARY IS DEDICATED. IN A CONVERSATION WITH ROBERT CARO THE PULITZER PRIZE WINNING BIOGRAPHER OF PRESIDENT JOHNSON. BUT FIRST UP TONIGHT. A CHANGE IN IMMIGRATION POLICY THAT'S TOUCHING OUR DEBATE NOT FAR HERE FROM AUSTIN. IT SEEMS TO BE WORKING, WORKING IN THE WAYS THAT THOSE WHO IMPLEMENTED THE CHANGE WERE HOPING FOR. BUT CRITICS ARE ASKING AT WHAT COST IS THIS, TO THE MOST VULNERABLE ASYLUM SEEKERS. SITTING IN THE HEART OF CENTRAL TEXAS FARM COUNTRY JUST 30 MILES FROM AUSTIN IS THE T. DON HUTTO RESIDENTIAL CENTER. AN INNOCENT ENOUGH SOUNDING PLACE BUT HUTTO ORIGINALLY BUILT AS A MEDIUM SECURITY PRISON BY THE CORRECTIONS CORPORATION OF AMERICA HAS BEEN LEASED FOR ALMOST 3 MILLION DOLLARS A MONTH BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY, THE HUTTO FACILITY IS NOW AMERICA'S LARGEST DETENTION CENTER FOR WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN WHO ARE IN THIS COUNTRY ILLEGALLY.

KEEPING FAMILIES WITH SMALL CHILDREN LOCKED UP FOR MONTHS IS WHY HUTTO HAS BEEN SO CONTROVERSIAL. AND WHY SOME IN TEXAS ARE DEMANDING IT BE SHUT DOWN THE HUTTO FACILITY HAS SPENT THE PAST SEVERAL WEEKS TRYING TO PRETTY UP UH THIS JAIL AND MAKE IT LOOK LESS LIKE A PRISON. YOU CAN PUT LIPSTICK ON THIS PIG AND STILL A PIG. THE AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION FILED A LAW SUIT LAST WEEK ON BEHALF OF THE CHILDREN HELD BEHIND THE WALLS AND RAZOR WIRE. LISA GRAYBILL IS THE LEGAL DIRECTOR OF THE ACLU OF TEXAS. OUR LAWSUIT ALLEGES THAT THE CONDITIONS OF CONFINEMENT OF HUTTO ARE INHUMANE AND INAPPROPRIATE FOR CHILDREN. WE BELIEVE IT IS AGAINST THE LAW AND AGAINST AMERICAN VALUES TO PLACE YOUNG CHILDREN IN JAIL. TO REQUIRE THEM TO WEAR PRISON UNIFORMS TO DENY THEM ACCESS TO EDUCATION. RECREATION AND TOYS, AND TO THREATEN THEM WITH SEPARATION FROM THEIR PARENTS. IF THEY MISBEHAVE IF THEY ARE TOO LOUD IF THEY CRY TOO MUCH. IN OTHER WORDS IF THEY ACT LIKE CHILDREN IN JAIL until RECENTLY CHILDREN AND ADULTS RECEIVED ONLY ONE HOUR OF EDUCATION AND RECREATION DAILY. UNDER FIRE FROM THE COMMUNITY CHILDREN ARE IN CLASS NOW FOR 4 HOURS. STILL BELOW TEXAS GUIDELINES, CRITICS SAY MEDICAL CARE IS INCONSISTENT. FOOD LACKS PROPER NUTRITION, AND DETAINEES OFTEN DON'T HAVE TIMELY ACCESS TO LEGAL COUNCIL. ICE CONTENDS IT IS TAKING COMPLAINTS SERIOUSLY AND IMPROVING CONDITIONS. THE AGENCY ALSO BELIEVES IT'S DOING WHAT'S BEST BY KEEPING FAMILIES TOGETHER. MUSTAFA IS 3 YEARS OLD, HE AND HIS MOTHER BAJO SPENT 7 MONTHS IN HUTTO DETENTION SHE FLED WHAT SHE THOUGHT WOULD BE CERTAIN DEATH IN HER HOME OF SOMALIA. THE JOURNEY TOOK THEM ACROSS AFRICA, THROUGH EUROPE, TO MEXICO AND FINALLY ON A RAFT ACROSS THE RIO GRANDE. SHE TURNED HERSELF INTO AUTHORITIES EXPECTING TO BE RELEASED PENDING A DEPORTATION HEARING. INSTEAD SHE AND HER SON WERE SHIPPED TO HUTTO. FIRST WHEN I IN TOWN THEY TELL ME TO PUT A UNIFORM. TAKE OF THIS UNIFORM, AND MY SON THEY GAVE HIM ANOTHER UNIFORM FOR KIDS. AND THEN THEY TOOK ME TO THE HOUSES, PLACES WHERE THE OTHER FAMILY ARE. THE ROOM JUST 2 BEDS. AND TOILET INSIDE, IT'S SMALL BEDS JUST AS. AND I FEEL LIKE I PRISON CAUSE IT LOOK, IT'S JUST PRISON TO GET TOUGH ON ILLEGAL ENTRY IN THIS COUNTRY THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION HAS RECENTLY CHANGED THE RULES. FOR YEARS ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS CAUGHT IN THIS COUNTRY WERE RELEASED AND GIVEN A COURT DATE FOR A DEPORTATION HEARING. LESS THEN 2 PERCENT APPEARED, INSTEAD THEY JUST DISAPPEARED INTO THE US. SO THE IMMIGRATION AND CUSTOMS ENFORCING AGENCY NOW KNOWN AS ICE. DECIDED TO SEND A MESSAGE, ASSISTANT DIRECTOR GARRY MEAD. IF YOU ARE HERE ILLEGALLY WERE GONNA APPREHEND YOU, IF WE APPREHEND YOU WE WILL DETAIN IN A HUMANE AND SAFE WAY BUT WE WILL DETAIN YOU AND WE WILL REMOVE YOU FROM THE COUNTRY. NOW THAT PEOPLE KNOW IF THEY COME IN AS A FAMILY GROUP ILLEGALLY THEY WILL BE DETAINED. THAT'S DETERRING PEOPLE FROM ATTEMPTING TO COME IN. THIS ADMINISTRATION IS COMMITTED TO PUTTING AN END TO ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION. AND IT'S COMMITTED TO BUILDING MORE BEDS TO HOUSE ILLEGAL ALIENS. THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HAS AWARDED KBR A SUBSIDIARY OF HALLIBURTON CORPORATION A 380 MILLION CONTRACT TO BUILD ENOUGH FACILITIES TO CONFINE MORE THE 27,000 DETAINEES BY THE END OF 2007. WELL THE, THE TOWN HERE IS RAMON VILLE BUT I CALL IT PRISON VILLE JODY GOODMAN IS A HARLENGEN IMMIGRATION ATTORNEY WHO IS CONCERNED ABOUT CONDITIONS IN OTHER DETENTION FACILITIES INCLUDING THE WINDOWLESS 2000 BED TENT CITY IN RAMON VILLE AND THE 800 BED FACILITY IN NEARBY PORT ISABEL. HER CLIENTS HAVE COMPLAINED ABOUT HUNGER, ISOLATION, EVEN WOMEN MISCARRYING DUE TO POOR HEALTHCARE. WHEN YOU HAVE TO WITH STAND DETENTION AT THIS PLACE. FOR A MONTH OR 2, YOU'LL PRETTY MUCH SAY ANYTHING OR DO ANYTHING JUST SO YOU CAN GET OUT. AND I'VE SEEN PEOPLE WITH CREDIBLE ASYLUM CLAIMS THAT YOU KNOW FLED THEIR HOME COUNTRIES FOR WHATEVER REASON BUT IT DOESN'T MATTER TO THEM CAUSE THEY FEEL LIKE THERE GONNA DIE IN THAT PLACE I MEAN I HAVE HAD PEOPLE TELL ME. (SPEAKING SPANISH) I FEEL LIKE I'M GONNA DIE HERE AS AN ALTERNATIVE GOODMAN AND OTHERS SAY THE GOVERNMENT CAN GIVE TAX PAYERS AND IMMIGRANTS A BREAK BY USING ELECTRONIC MONITORING BRACELETS, COSTING JUST 12 DOLLARS A DAY INSTEAD OF 90 DOLLARS A DAY FOR DETENTION. EVEN SO PRISON'S CONTINUE TO BE BUILT. TO HOUSE THOUSANDS OF ILLEGALS WHO COME ACROSS THE BOARDER EVERY DAY AS LONG AS THERE'S PULL FACTORS FOR THE UNITED STATES TO BRING PEOPLE IN. GIVE EM JOBS AND ACTUALLY GIVE EM A BETTER LIFE. THERE ALWAYS GONNA BE COMING IN. WELL THERE'S A NOTE TO THAT PIECE WE MADE REPEATED REQUESTS TO ILLEGAL CUSTOMS INFORMANT TO TALK TO US 1 ON 1 ABOUT HUTTO, WE DID SO WITHOUT SUCCESS AND I WANNA POINT THAT OUT. ALSO WANNA POINT OUT WERE DOING TONIGHT'S BROADCAST LIVE BEFORE A LIVE AUDIENCE HERE AT THE LINDEN JOHNSON LIBRARY ON THE CAMPUS ON THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS. WITH US NOW IS THE ILLEGAL DIRECTOR OF THE AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION, THE ACLU IN TEXAS WHOM WE JUST HEARD FROM BRIEFLY LAYING OUT HER CASE AGAINST THE ACTIONS OF IMMIGRATIONS CUSTOMS ENFORCEMENT. LISA GRAYBILL, WELCOME MISS GRAYBILL LET ME READ YOU WHAT CONGRESSMAN JOHN CARTER ELECTED CONGRESSMEN REPUBLICAN OF TEXAS AND VISITED THE HUTTO DETENTION CENTER. UH TO SEE IF THE REPORTS ABOUT THE FACILITY WERE TRUE. HE CONCLUDED AND I QUOTE ALMOST DIRECTLY HERE THAT CONDITIONS AT HUTTO WERE JUST FINE. NOW THIS IS A CONGRESSMAN WHO CLEARLY CARES AS MUCH AS UH ANYBODY ABOUT OUR COUNTRY. WHAT'S YOUR REACTION TO THAT OPINION AND WHY SHOULD I NOT BELIEVE IT. I BELIEVE THAT MR CARTER WAS THERE ON A DAY THAT HUTTO WAS ALSO ALLOWING A PRESS TOUR. AND THEY DID A LOVELY DOG AND PONY SHOW WE WERE INTERVIEWING CLIENTS THE DAY THAT IT HAPPENED AND OUR CLIENTS REPORTED TO SU THAT FOR THE FIRST TIME THEY WERE RECEIVING FOOD THAT WAS EDIBLE. WE SAW THE PLASTIC PLANTS BEING BROUGHT IN AND WE SMELLED THE PAINT FUMES AS ICE ATTEMPTED TO SPRUCE UP THE FACILITY TO AS MY COLLEAGUE PUT IT PUT LIPSTICK ON A PIG. BUT HAVING SPENT DAYS OUT THERE INTERVIEWING CLIENTS AND SMALL CHILDREN I CAN TELL YOU IT FEELS LIKE A JAIL IT SMELLS LIKE A JAIL. THE CHILDREN WHO ARE THERE KNOW THERE IN JAIL. TO ANY AMERICAN WHO'S WATCHING AND LISTENING WHO'S SAYING TO HIS OR HERSELF LISTEN FOR A LONG TIME WE'VE BEEN TRYING TO STEM THE FLOW ACROSS THE BOARDER ACROSS THE TEXAS BOARDER IN FACT OUR WHOLE BOARDER WITH MEXICO, NOW WE FINALLY HAVE SOMETHING THAT APPEARS TO BE WORKING IT'S AT LEAST SLOWED THE NUMBERS AND IF SOME PEOPLE ARE INCONVENIENCED BY IT UH I'M SORRY BUT IT SOUNDS TO ME LIKE A GOOD IDEA YOU WOULD SAY WHAT? I WOULD SAY IT'S MUCH MORE THEN AN INCONVENIENCE IT'S ABOUT WHO WE ARE AS A COUNTRY THAT WE DECIDED THE BEST WAY TO HANDLE IMMIGRATION PROBLEMS AND WORLD PROBLEMS IN FACT IS TO PUT SMALL CHILDREN IN JAIL. THE CHILDREN WE REPRESENT IN OUR LAWSUIT MANY OF THEM ARE WITH FAMILIES WHO ARE SEEKING ASYLUM WHO FLED TERRIBLE PERSECUTION IN THEIR HOME COUNTRIES WHICH RANGE FROM SOMALIA TO GUIANA TO LITHUANIA TO HAITI TO IRAN. AND UNLESS WE ARE ABLE TO SOLVE THE WORLDS PROBLEMS WHICH I THINK IS A BIT BEYOND OUR SCOPE, I THINK PEOPLE WILL CONTINUE TO COME HERE NOT JUST OUT OF ECONOMIC NEED. BUT OUT OF ABSOLUTE DESPERATION. AND IN THE ATTEMPT TO SURVIVE. AND WHAT ABOUT THE ARGUMENT WHICH THE GOVERNMENT HAS MADE WHEN IT CHANGED IT'S POLICY. THAT OUR EFFORT IS TO KEEP FAMILIES TOGETHER AND THIS IS REALLY THE ONLY PRACTICAL WAY WE CAN DO IT. THAT'S NOT ACTUALLY TRUE THERE ARE ALTERNATIVES TO DETENTION WHICH ARE NOT JUST LESS EXPENSIVE FOR THE US TAXPAYER BUT ALSO MANDATED BY A SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT THAT COMES OUT OF A CASE IN CALIFORNIA. CALLED FLOREZ VERSUS MEES. THAT CASE SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT WAS REACHED IN 1997 AND IT SETS FORTH THE CONDITIONS OF CONFINEMENT FOR DETAINED IMMIGRANT CHILDREN WHO ARE IN THE CUSTODY OF ICE. IT REQUIRES THE GOVERNMENT TO RELEASE THESE CHILDREN IF AT ALL POSSIBLE UNLESS THEY POSE A SAFETY OR FLIGHT RISK. FOR THOSE CHILDREN WHO MUST BE RETAINED IT REQUIRES THE GOVERNMENT TO PLACE THEM IN A LEASE RESTRICTIVE SETTING. A JAIL IS CERTAINLY NOT THE LEAST RESTRICTIVE SETTING. AND LAST BUT NOT LEAST FOR THOSE CHILDREN WHO MUST BE DETAINED. THE FLOREZ SETTLEMENT REQUIRES THE GOVERNMENT TO PROVIDE MINIMUM SERVICES INCLUDING BASIC EDUCATION, AND ADEQUATE NUTRITION. MEDICAL SERVICES AND IMMUNIZATIONS. OUR CONTENTION THROUGH OUR LAWSUIT IS THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS BREAKING THE LAW BY HOUSING CHILDREN IN THESE CONDITIONS IN THE HUTTO FACILITY RIGHT NOW THERE BREAKING THE SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT TO WHICH THERE A PARTY. ALTERNATIVES INCLUDE RELEASING CHILDREN TO THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS UNDER PROGRAMS LIKE THE ELECTRONIC SUPERVISION PROGRAM WHICH AS YOU MENTIONED IS DRASTICALLY LESS EXPENSIVE THEN DETAINING THEM IN PRISON. LET'S TALK ABOUT EDUCATION FOR A MOMENT, HAS ANYONE GIVEN YOU AN ANSWER AS TO WHY THE CHILDREN ARENT TAUGHT MORE, MORE HOURS EVEN THOUGH IT'S A DETENTION FACILITY A JAIL A PRISON. NO ONE'S GIVEN US AN ANSWER I SUSPECT THAT PART OF THE ANSWER IS ECONOMICS THE HUTTO FACILITY IS RUN THE CORRECTIONS CORPORATION OF AMERICA WHICH IS I BELIEVE THE NATIONS LARGEST PRIVATE PRISON PROVIDER. UM TRADING AT 84 PERCENT ABOVE STANDARD ENFORCED 500 AND HAVING SHARES DOUBLE IN THE LAST YEAR UM WHEN YOU PRIVATIZE THE PRISON SERVICES THERE'S A PROFIT ELEMENT THAT COMES INTO IT IT'S A PUBLICLY TRADED COMPANY THERE ANSWERABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS LIKE ANY OTHER COMPANY. AND IT SIMPLY COSTS MONEY TO PROVIDE WHAT WE WOULD ARGUE ARE THE REQUIRED SERVICES. NOW TRUE OR UNTRUE THAT WHEN THE ILLEGAL ALIENS COME ACROSS THE BOARDER AND THEY ARE CLEARLY OF MEXICAN DECENT FROM MEXICO THAT THERE SENT IMMEDIATELY BACK OR PRETTY CLOSE TO IMMEDIATELY BACK. YES AND ALL OF OUR CLIENTS NONE OF OUR CLIENTS ARE FROM MEXICO I BELIEVE THERE ARE SOME MEXICANS AT THE FACILITY NOW AND THOSE ARE FOLKS SEEKING ASYLUM AND GENERALLY SPEAKING MEXICANS ARE IMMEDIATELY DEPORTED. LISA GRAYBILL THANKS FOR BEING WITH US TONIGHT APPRECIATE IT VERY MUCH. THANK YOU. WHEN WE COME BACK FROM A SHORT BREAK WE'LL BRING YOU A VIEW FROM THE BOARDER PATROL AND THEN LATER IN THE PROGRAM WE'LL GIVE YOU A CLOSER LOOK AT THE WAY LATINO AND HISPANIC CULTURES ARE BECOMING A PART OF OUR EVERY DAY LIVES SO STAY WITH US.

AND WELCOME BACK TO LINDEN BANES JOHNSON LIBRARY IN AUSTIN TEXAS INTO OUR LIVE BROADCAST FROM THIS BEASTLY WEATHER NIGHT. WHERE WERE LOOKING AT RECENT SHIFTS IN US IMMIGRATION POLICY. WHAT ARE THE PEOPLE ON THE FRONT LINES OF BOARDER CONTROL SAYING ABOUT WHAT APPEARS SO FAR TO BE A POLICY THAT HAS SUCCEED AT LEAST SOME WHAT IN DEERING ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION. WE WENT TO SOUTHERN MOST TEXAS TO FIND OUT. IN SOUTHERN MOST TEXAS NOT FAR FROM MACALLAN THE RIO GRANDE RIVER IS THE ONLY THING THAT STANDS BETWEEN A FLOOD OF ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS AND THEIR AMERICAN DREAM

SOUNDED LIKE A GUNSHOT TO ME. AUGUSTA COOK IS ONE OF THE GROWING NUMBER OF BOARDER PATROL AGENTS STATIONED ALONG THE RIO GRANDE. AS YOU CAN SEE THERE'S QUITE A FEW TRASH BAGS HERE SO THIS IS A PRETTY HEAVILY USED LANDING. THEN OVER HERE YOU SEE THAT BIG PIECE OF STYROFOAM THAT'S A THAT'S A FLOTATION DEVICE THAT UH THEY USE THAT TO UH, TO SUPPORT THEMSELVES AS THEY COME ACROSS OVER HERE YOU SEE THIS BUNDLE OF WATER BOTTLES TIED TOGETHER, THAT'S ANOTHER FLOTATION DEVICE RIGHT THERE. THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION IS LOOKING TO HIRE ANOTHER 6000 BOARDER PATROL AGENTS IN THE NEXT YEAR TO HAVE, BEEFED UP TROOP STRENGTH, ADVANCEMENTS IN TECHNOLOGY. IMMINENT CHECKPOINTS EVEN DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL GUARD ALONG THE BOARDER ARE MAKING IT TOUGHER TO CROSS. AGENT HORATIO TIARENA SAYS IT'S SENDING A POWERFUL MESSAGE TO THOSE THINKING OF MAKING THE HARROWING JOURNEY. NOW PEOPLE KNOW THE WORD IS THAT WERE GONNA DETAIN YOU WERE GONNA SEND YOU BACK TO YOUR COUNTRY AND THE NUMBERS HAVE GONE YOU KNOW DRAMATICALLY DOWN. THE NEW WEAPON A POLICY CALLED EXPEDITED REMOVAL THE DIFFERENCE IS, IS UNDER THE OLD, THE OLD PROCESS UNDER THEY WOULD HAVE A RIGHT TO AN IMMIGRATION JUDGE THAT WAS TAKEN AWAY UNDER THE EXPEDITED REMOVAL PROCESS THEY DO NOT HAVE A RIGHT TO SEE A JUDGE WHICH EXPEDITES A PROCESS OF THEM BEING PROCESSED AND SENT BACK TO THEIR COUNTRY ABRAHAM A 30 YEAR OLD SALVADORAN SPENT 18 DAYS GETTING TO THE UNITED STATES BEFORE HIS LUCK RAN OUT. (SPEAKING SPANISH) THE EXPERIENCE THAT I'VE GONE THROUGH I NEVER THOUGHT I WOULD LIVE IT, IT'S A TERRIBLE EXPERIENCE BUT THE ECONOMIC SITUATION IN MY COUNTRY FOR MY FAMILY I'M WILLING TO EXPOSE MYSELF EVEN TO GIVE MY LIFE IN THE PAST ABRAHAM WOULD HAVE COME INTO THE COUNTRY RECEIVED A NOTICE TO APPEAR IN COURT, AND LIKE 98 PERCENT OF ILLEGALS WOULD NEVER SHOW UP. THE SO CALLED CATCH AND RELEASE POLICY HAD BOARDER PATROL AGENTS SAYING THEY FELT LIKE GUN TOTING WELCOME WAGONS. TODAY CENTRAL AMERICANS LIKE ABRAHAM END UP IN FACILITIES LIKE THE WILICY COUNTY DETENTION CENTER WHERE THEY WAIT TO BE DEPORTED. HE HAS A MESSAGE FOR OTHERS WHO ARE THINKING OF MAKING THE TRIP UP NORTH.

I WASN'T EXPECTING THIS, THE SITUATION I WAS ADVISED OVER THERE IN MY COUNTRY IT'S DIFFERENT THEN WHAT I THE REALITY IS HERE. THE REALITY IN THIS AREA THERE ARE FEWER PEOPLE COMING NORTH FOR THE SAME PERIOD THIS YEAR AS LAST APPREHENSIONS WERE DOWN 44 PERCENT. DRUG APPREHENSIONS WENT UP OVER 200 PERCENT AS BOARDER PATROL OFFICERS REALLOCATED RESOURCES. FEWER ILLEGALS ARE COMING THROUGH PORTS OF ENTRY. BUT EDDIE TREVINO THE MAYOR OF NEARBY BROWNSVILLE WONDERS IF PRIORITIES ARE ON TRACK I THINK IT WOULD BE HOOVAS IF WE WERE TO FOCUS ON WHAT WE WOULD CALL THE BIGGER TICKET ITEMS THOSE PEOPLE WHO ARE HERE TO DO US HARM VERSUS THOSE WHO PEOPLE WHO ARE TRYING TO HELP THEMSELVES AND THEIR FAMILIES. I'M HOPING THAT OUR UH LEADERS IN WASHINGTON WILL REALIZE THAT THE BENEFIT AND THE SERVICES THAT THE ILLEGAL ALIEN IS PROVIDING TO OUR COUNTRY BOTH FROM AN ECONOMIC AND MORAL STAND POINT IS CRITICAL TO THE FUTURE OF OUR COUNTRY. EVERY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY HAS TO HAVE A SUPPLY OF LABOR AND RIGHT NOW UH THAT SUPPLY IS COMING OVER THROUGH THE RIVER. RONALDO GIAN A BOARDER PATROL CHIEF IN BROWNSVILLE SAYS THE ZERO TOLERANCE POLICY IS ENDING THE REVOLVING DOOR ON THE RIO GRANDE THIS COUNTRY'S NOT SAYING YOU CAN'T COME IN, THIS COUNTRY IS SAYING YOU KNOW THERE TRYING TO COME UP WITH A PROGRAM TO FACILITATE SO THAT PEOPLE CAN COME IN LEGALLY AND IT'S NO DIFFERENTLY THEN YOU OPENING YOUR FRONT DOOR AND ALLOWING SOMEBODY TO COME IN THAT YOU DON'T KNOW YOU KNOW IT'S AS IF SAYING LET'S WERE GONNA HAVE WORKING PROGRAMS TO ALLOW YOU TO COME IN BUT WE NEED TO KNOW WHO'S COMING INTO OUR HOUSE

NOW WHERE DOES TEXAS BUSINESS STAND ON THE ISSUE OF IMMIGRATION TO GET ONE PERSPECTIVE WERE JOINED NOW BY BILL HAMMOND PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF THE TEXAS ASSOCIATION OF BUSINESS AND CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE. THANKS FOR BEING WITH US. THANK YOU FOR HAVING ME. IS THERE A SOLUTION TO THIS AND IF SO WHAT IS IT IN YOUR JUDGMENT CERTAINLY WE BELIEVE IT'S ESSENTIAL THAT THE CONGRESS PASS COMPREHENSIVE IMMIGRATION REFORM. THAT WILL FIRST ALLOW US TO DETERMINE WHO'S COMING ACROSS THE BOARDER SECURE OUR BOARDERS AND AT THE SAME TIME ALLOW ENOUGH TIME FOR LEGAL IMMIGRATION TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE EMPLOYERS IN TEXAS AND THE REST OF THE COUNTRY. UH WE ALSO BELIEVE THAT THOSE WHO ARE HERE WHO ARE UNDOCUMENTED SHOULD BE GIVEN AN OPPORTUNITY TO ACHIEVE LEGAL STATUS AND AT SOME POINT DOWN THE ROAD EVEN CITIZENSHIP. AND FINALLY WE MUST HAVE A SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS EMPLOYERS TO DETERMINE THE IMMIGRATION STATUS OF THOSE WHO ARE APPLYING FOR WORK. CURRENTLY WE HAVE ONE BUT IT DOESN'T WORK. IF WE DO ALL THOSE THINGS WE CAN BUILD A SYSTEM THAT MEETS THE NEEDS OF THIS COUNTRY AND WE CAN FIGURE OUT WHO'S COMING ACROSS THE BOARDER. NOW AT THE BENEFIT OF THE AUDIENCE BOTH LIVE ON HERE AND IN THE AUDIENCE AT LARGE TELEVISION LAND. HOW DOES THAT DIFFER FROM WHAT PRESIDENT BUSH HAS PROPOSED OR DOES IT I DON'T BELIEVE IT DOES DIFFER FROM WHAT THE PRESIDENT HAS PROPOSED, WE ARE SUPPORTIVE OF WHAT THE PRESIDENT HAS PROPOSED AND ESSENTIALLY TO A LARGE EXTENT WHAT PASSED THE SENATE LAST YEAR. WE BELIEVE THAT WERE CAUTIOUSLY OPTIMISTIC WE BELIEVE OUR CONGRESS HAS AN OPPORTUNITY UH BEFORE THEY ADJOURN IN AUGUST TO PASS COMPREHENSIVE REFORM. AND WERE URGING THEM TO DO JUST THAT. NOW YOU KNOW THE SITUATION AT THE HUTTO DETENTION CENTER AND YOU SAW THE PIECE THAT WE PLAYED EARLIER. DOES THAT BOTHER YOU IT'S BOUND TO BOTHER YOU SOMEWHAT HOW DO YOU COME OUT ON THAT? SURE I MEAN WE DON'T HAVE A SPECIFIC POSITION WITH REGARD TO THAT BUT TO ME THE SITUATION IN HUTTO IS SYMBOLIC OF A BROKEN SYSTEM. WE HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO FIX THIS SYSTEM, ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WERE CONCERNED ABOUT IS THAT THE FACT THAT PEOPLE WHO COME ACROSS THE BOARDER SHOULD BE ABLE TO GO BACK ACROSS THE BOARDER WITHOUT FEAR OF NOT BEING ABLE TO GET BACK IN. THIS ALLOWS FOR THE FAMILY TO BE MAINTAINED AND WE THINK WOULD BE A HEALTHIER SYSTEM. PERHAPS NOT AS MANY CHILDREN WOULD COME ACROSS BUT WE'D STILL MEET THE NEEDS OF THE EMPLOYERS IN TERMS OF LABOR. IF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ADOPTS THE SOLUTION THAT YOU OUTLINE, WILL IT OR WONT IT COST JOBS FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE ALREADY CITIZENS OF THIS COUNTRY. I BELIEVE IT WILL INCREASE THE NUMBER OF JOBS FOR THE PEOPLE WHO ARE CITIZENS HERE ALREADY. WHAT PEOPLE MISS IN THIS DEBATE IS THAT THERE, THEY WOULD FOCUS ON ONE EMPLOYER SAY A FARM THAT EMPLOYS IMMIGRANT LABOR. AND THEY THINK ONLY OF THAT IN ISOLATION. BUT THE FACT IS THERE ARE MANY BUSINESSES THAT SERVICE AND SUPPLY GOODS AND SERVICES TO THAT FARMER. AND IF THAT FARMER IS NOT ALLOWED TO SUCCEED IS NOT ALLOWED TO GET LABOR. THEN THE ENTIRE COMMUNITY WILL SUFFER. UH WE SEE IT AS A WIN WIN. UH IT BILL GATES SAID VERY RECENTLY TALKED ABOUT THE NEED FOR HIGHLY SKILLED WORKERS. AND WAS BASICALLY ASKING FOR SOME RELIEF FROM THE PRESENT UM PLANS, HE SAID THE US NEEDS MORE HIGH TECH GUEST WORKERS AND WE NEED TO REMOVE THE LIMITS ON THE ENTRY TO THE US HE'S TALKING ABOUT HIGH TECH GUEST WORKERS, NOW AS YOU, DO YOU AND THE ASSOCIATION FAVOR THAT? UH YES SIR WE DO WE THINK THAT WITH REGARD TO THE NUMBER OF HIGH TECH IMMIGRANTS IF YOU WILL. SHOULD BE DETERMINED BY THE MARKETPLACE. THE MARKET KNOWS WITHER NEEDS THESE PEOPLE TO FILL THESE POSITIONS AND WHEN THOSE POSITIONS ARE FILLED. WE BELIEVE THAT FEWER PEOPLE WILL ACTUALLY COME ACROSS THE BOARDER OR WANNA COME IMMIGRATE OT AMERICA AND AS SOMEONE WHO MAKES THE ARGUMENT. LISTEN WE HAVE A LOT OF HIGHLY SKILLED WORKERS IN THIS COUNTRY, THAT'S POINT 1. POINT 2 IF YOU CONTINUE TO BRING IN MORE AND MORE HIGH TECH WORKERS FROM THE OUTSIDE IT'S GONNA LIMIT THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN OUR OWN COUNTRY WHO WILL BE ABLE GO GET JOBS AND WILL WANT TO TRAIN FOR THOSE JOBS WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT THAT WELL WHAT WE BELIEVE WITHER IT'S LOW TECH IF YOU WILL OR HIGH TECH. UH CURRENTLY IN MANY OF THESE POSITIONS THERE ARE SIMPLY NOT ENOUGH AMERICANS WHO ARE WILLING TO TAKE THOSE POSITIONS. IF YOU LOOK AT AGRICULTURE, HOSPITALITY, CONSTRUCTION, UH BECAUSE OF THE EDUCATION OF AMERICANS TODAY THE FACT THAT MORE AND MORE AMERICANS ARE GETTING A HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA AND BEYOND. THERE NOT WILLING TO TAKE THOSE JOBS AND THEN AT THE HIGHER END WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH PEOPLE UNFORTUNATELY GOING INTO ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES LIKE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE EMPLOYERS SO. UH IMMIGRATION WILL ALLOW A SUCCESSFUL AND ROBUST ECONOMY. THANK YOU VERY MUCH THANK YOU SIR. APPRECIATE YOU HAVING ME. THANK YOU. NOW WHEN WE COME BACK FROM ANOTHER SHORT BREAK WE'LL TAKE A CLOSER LOOK AT SOME OF THE MANY WAYS THAT LATINO CULTURE IS BECOMING A BIGGER PART OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CULTURE

BACK AGAIN AT THE LINDEN JOHNSON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY IN BEAUTIFUL AUSTIN TEXAS. WHERE WE'VE BEEN EXAMINING IN FRONT OF A LIVE AUDIENCE ON THIS LIVE PROGRAM SOME OF THE DEBATES SURROUNDING PEOPLE MOVING ACROSS BOARDERS. BUT ABOUT THIS BIT LATINO CULTURE INTO AND ACROSS THE UNITED STATES THERE CAN BE NO DEBATE, IT'S INFLUENCE IS BIG AND GROWING. AND IS MORE ACCURATE TO TALK ABOUT LATINO CULTURES PLURAL CAUSE THEY ARE RICH IN VARIETY AND FAR FROM MONOLITHIC WELCOME TO THE CITY OF SAN ANTONIO IN THE GREAT STATE OF TEXAS, THIS IS WHERE THE OUTNUMBERED TEXANS HELD BACK THE MEXICANS FOR 13 DAYS. BUT THERE'S NO HOLDING BACK LATINO CULTURE TODAY. AND WHAT GOES AROUND COMES AROUND IS TRUE OF HISTORY TOO. JUST LOOK AROUND OR EVEN BETTER, JUST LISTEN

WE HAVE LATINOS IT'S THE FASTEST GROWING SEGMENT OF THE US POPULATION YOU KNOW MORE THEN 15 PERCENT NOW AND IT'S A VERY YOUNG POPULATION. PILARO VERDE IS DIRECTOR OF THE SMITHSONIAN LATINO CENTER IN WASHINGTON DC. AS A RESULT IN EVERY SINGLE ASPECT OF CULTURE YOU KNOW WITHER IT'S FILM OR FASHION FOOD, KIDS TV. HOLA SOY DORA YOU SEE THAT INFLUENCE THAT IS REALLY PERVASIVE AND THAT THERE'S A REAL APPETITE ACTUALLY WITHIN THE US POPULATION FOR THINGS THAT ARE LATINO. THERE ARE 42 MILLION SPEAKERS OF SPANISH IN THE UNITED STATES. MOST OF THEM FROM MEXICO AND PUERTO RICO AND CUBA,. BUT MORE THEN A FEW FROM EVERY OTHER COUNTRY OF LATIN AMERICA TOO. THESE ARE ALL DIFFERENT CULTURES OF COURSE WITH DIFFERENT TRADITIONS AND HISTORIES AND THERE OWN STYLES IN EVERYTHING FROM MUSIC TO FOOD. BUT THEY HAVE A KIND OF COMMON DNA. AND BUYING POWER. THE CELLIC CENTER FOR ECONOMIC RESEARCH AT THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, ESTIMATES LATINO'S WILL SPEND OVER 800 BILLION DOLLARS THIS YEAR. LET'S CALL IT THE HISPANICATION OF AMERICA. IF YOU BEGIN TO LOOK AT IT THERE'S STATISTICS THAT SHOW THAT AMERICANS ARE CONSUMING MORE SALSA THEN KETCHUP NOW. JUAN TARNO TRACKS MARKETING AND ADVERTISING FOP A BLOG CALLED HISPANIC TRENDING. IT'S VERY LIKELY THERE WILL BE SELLING MORE TORTILLAS IN THE US PER YEAR THEN WHITE BREAD. YOU GO INTO AN IHOP IN THE MORNING AND YOU SEE THAT YOU CAN ORDER MIGA. AND IT'S LIKE WHAT'S GOING ON? SO YOU SE INFLUENCES EVERYWHERE BETTY! OH MY GOD YOU SEE SO MANY DIFFERENT SHOWS INCLUDING HISPANIC CHARACTERS AND NOT NECESSARILY STEREOTYPICAL WERE NOT ONLY MOWING LAWNS AND MOWING DISHES. WERE AT EVERY LEVEL OF SOCIETY,. GEORGE, IT WOULD ONLY BE 1 DAY A WEEK AND IT'S NOT LIKE WERE FORCING THEM TO WORK, WHAT IS WRONG WITH GETTING A NICE LATINA A JOB? YOU KNOW WHAT I AGREE ANGEE WHEN CAN YOU START. SENORA THE DISHES POR FAVOR RAPIDO RAPIDO WHILE POLICY MAKERS IN WASHINGTON AGONIZE OVER THE PROBLEM OF IMMIGRATION THE MEMBERS FOR THE LATINO COMEDY PROJECT OF AUSTIN TEXAS PLAY IT FOR LAUGHS AND SADORIZING SOMETHING AS THAT REPRESENTS PROGRESS TOO. (SPEAKING SPANISH) THE WHOLE IMMIGRANT DEBATE PEOPLE THINK THAT THEY CAN GO AFTER ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS AND IN A VACUUM BUT THEY FORGOT THE FACT THAT EVERY ONE OF THOSE IMMIGRANTS HAS MULTIPLE RELATIVES THAT ARE HERE THAT ARE YOU KNOW BORN HERE THAT HAVE BEEN CITIZENS FOR GENERATIONS AND THAT THEY VOTE ADRIAN VIEJAS IS DIRECTOR OF THE COMEDY TROOP WE GREW UP WITH ALL THE AMERICAN POP CULTURE INFLUENCES THAT EVERYBODY ELSE DID. NOW WHAT WE DO THOUGH IS WE TAKE THE THINGS THAT WE GREW UP WITH THAT YOU DON'T SEE IN MAIN STREAM POP CULTURE YOU KNOW THE FAM THE FAMILIAR REFERENCES THE MORE'S THE THE TRADITIONS THAT SOMETIMES IT SPIKE UIS AS FUNNY BECAUSE WE HAVE 1 FOOT IN MAINSTREAM CULTURE AND ONE FOOT IN OUR PARENTS CULTURE AND WE KIND OF BLEND THOSE THINGS AND COME UP WITH SOMETHING KIND OF A NEW FORM OF COMEDY JUST AS THE MEMBERS OF THE BAND EL CASTILLO ARE COMING UP WITH A NEW FORM OF MUSIC, GUITARIST RICK DEL CASTILLO. IT'S PART ROCK, ITS PARK BLUES IT'S PART BLUES IT'S PART YOU KNOW IT'S PART LATINO BUT IT'S IT'S ALL OUR SOUND PERCUSSIONIST CARMELLO TORREZ. A LOT OF IT HAS TO DO WITH THE GROOVE AND THE DANCABILITY OF IT AND LIKE YOU SAID THE PASSION, THE FLAVOR AND UH, YOU PUT THAT IN THERE WITH THE ROCK ELEMENTS OF YOU KNOW. TAKING THE TRADITION AND CHANGING IT. ALL BUT ONE OF THE MEMBERS OF DEL CASTILLO ARE TEXAS BORN AND BREAD. TESAS SCHOOLED THOROUGHLY AMERICAN. WHICH IS TO SAY THAT THEY HAVE BEEN HEARING LATIN MUSIC ALL THEIR LIVES ACCORDING TO BAND MEMBER MIKE ZIOLLE IT'S NOT LIKE WHEN YOU'RE A KID YOU SEEK IT OUT TO HEAR IT I MEAN IT'S TRUE IT'S EVERYWHERE YOU GO TO HAVE DINNER YOU KNOW YOU HEAR IT AT THE RESTAURANT YOU KNOW ON THE RADIO IN THE KITCHEN PUMPING OUT OR WHEREVER YOU KNOW, PEOPLE'S CARS. THE YOUNG MEN OF DEL CASTILLO HAVE BEEN HEARD IN THE FILMS OF ROBERT RODRIGUEZ. AND IN THE FILMS OF QUINTIN TARANTINO TOO. THEY'VE BEEN PLAYING FOR 7 YEARS NOW WINNING FANS ALL OVER AUSTIN AND BEYOND AND THEN THERE IS LOS TIGRES DEL NORTE THE MOST POPULAR NORTENO GROUP IN THE WORLD. FOR THE LAST 40 YEARS THESE GRAND MEN OF MUSIC HAVE TAKEN THEIR MESSAGE OF HOPE AND HARDSHIP BEYOND THE BOARDER LAND AND INTO MILLIONS OF HEARTS THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES AND MEXICO. THESE MEN WERE ONCE ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS. THEY WEREN'T BORN AMERICAN. BUT THERE LIVING THE AMERICAN DREAM WHICH THEY SING IN SPANISH

WERE TALKING ABOUT TENS OF MILLIONS OF PEOPLE. WITH TENS OF MILLIONS OF VOTES. AND HUNDREDS OF BILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN BUYING POWER. WITH BOTH THOSE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE AND OF DOLLARS GROWING EVERY YEAR. THE DEBATE ABOUT IMMIGRATION WILL CONTINUE OF COURSE BUT ABOUT THE IMPIRTANTANCE AND THE INFLUENCE OF LATINO CULTURE IN THE UNITED STATES. THERE IS NO DEBATE AT ALL. ARMED GUARDS AT THE BOARDER BUT OPEN ARMS INSIDE THEM IT IS A COMPLICATED SITUATION WHEN I THINK LATINOS ARE FINALLY MATURING POLITICALLY WHICH THEY HADN'T BEEN AT ALL, I THINK THERE MATURING SOCIALLY AND THERE MATURING ECONOMICALLY UM LATINO'S ARE REALLY MOVING UP IN THE ECONOMIC LADDER IN THIS COUNTRY. AND SO WITH THAT COMES RESPONSIBILITY WITH THAT COMES POLITICAL VOICE AND ECONOMIC INFLUENCE. SO THIS IS THIS IS THE MOMENT. THIS IS THE MOMENT. HERE TO HELP US UNDERSTAND AND PUT INTO SOME CONTEXT SOME OF THE MANY WAYS THAT LATINO INFLUENCE IS BEING FELT HERE IN THE UNITED STATES WE OFFER US 2 GUESTS FROM THE WORLD OF FILM. PLEASE WELCOME RICARDO ANGLEE AND ELISABETH EVIAN THANK YOU FOR BEING WITH US FIRST OF ALL WHAT IS LATINO CULTURE? IT ENCOMPASSES SO MANY DIFFERENT COUNTRIES BUT IT IS KIND OF A UNIVERSALITY OF THAT WE ARE WERE CONQUERED AT SOME POINT BY THE SPANISH UH COLONIZATION'S AND THAT BROUGHT ABOUT A LANGUAGE A COMMON LANGUAGE BUT IT ALSO HAD SO MANY OTHER INFLUENCES THAT COME IN. UM YOU KNOW I THINK YOU AND I AGREED YOU KNOW ON THAT POINT. AND THAT IT KIND OF MEANS DIFFERENT THINGS TO DIFFERENT PEOPLE BUT WELL WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU LATINO CULTURE WHAT DOES THE PHRASE MEAN? WELL I THINK THE KEY ELEMENT IS THE WORD LATINO AND THE FACT THAT IT REPRESENTS A KIND OF UH AN IDENTITY SOMETHING THAT WE THOSE OF US THAT HAVE SOME AFFILIATION SOME CONTACTS SOME IDENTIFICATION WITH LATIN AMERICA WITHER THAT'S OUR PARENTS OR WITHER WE WERE BORN THERE OURSELVES OR OUR GRAND PARENTS BUT IN SOME WAY A SENSE THAT WE BELONG TO THAT BROADER UNIVERSE AND THAT WE WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT MEMBERSHIP BY DESCRIBING OURSELVES AS LATINO AND THAT TRANSLATES TO A CULTURAL A WHOLE UNIVERSE OF CULTURAL IDEAS IN PRACTICES AND WOULD YOU AGREE OR DISAGREE THAT THE DEFINITION OF LATINO CULTURE BEGINS WITH A COMMON LANGUAGE KEEPING IN MIND THAT PORTUGUESE IS THE LANGUAGE OF BRAZIL. BUT BASICALLY A COMMON LANGUAGE BUT FROM DISPARENT COUNTRIES SOUTH AMERICA CENTRAL AMERICA, CUBA, SPAIN, JUST TO NAME A FEW. YEAH I MEAN I THINK THAT'S DEFINITELY TRUE THE, THE DISPER NATURE OF IT THOUGH IS SOMETHING TO BE EMPHASIZED I MEAN CUBANS ARE DIFFERENT FROM MEXICANS FROM SALVADORANS FROM ARGENTINEANS YOU KNOW I THINK IT'S A VERY COMPLEX AND REALLY RICH TEXTURE OF EXPERIENCES THAT WERE TALKING ABOUT AND EACH ONE HAS BROUGHT YOU KNOW TO THIS COUNTRY DIFFERENT THINGS AND ALL THE SAME THE LANGUAGE AND THE LATINO IDENTITY. I THINK THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT TO POINT OUT, BUT IT IS A VERY DESPERATE SORT OF GROUP BUT AT THIS POINT BOTH OUR LIVE AUDIENCE AND THE ONE AT HOME WILL BE ASKING WHO ARE THESE GUYS WHO ARE THESE PEOPLE. AND A NATIVE OF MEXICO CITY AND PROFESSOR OF EDUCATION OF PSYCHOLOGY AND UM AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS, UH DOCTOR ANGLEE IS THE AWARD WINNING AUTHOR OF NUMEROUS BOOKS INCLUDING THE LONG DARK ROAD BILL KING AND MURDER IN JASPER. AND IS DIRECTOR OF THE DOCUMENTARY FILM ENOUGH WHICH HAS IT'S PREMIERED THIS WEEK AT THE SOUTH BY SOUTHWEST FILM FESTIVAL HERE IN AUSTIN. AND THEN BORN IN CROCUS VENEZUELA ELIZABETH EVIAN MOVED TO HOUSTON AT THE AGE WHAT 13. AND GRADUATED FROM RICE UNIVERSITY SHE LATER MOVED TO AUSTIN TO STUDY FILM WHERE WITH DIRECTOR ROBERT RODRIGUEZ SHE CO FOUNDED LOS HULIGONS PRODUCTIONS. FORGIVE ME IF I DIDN'T HAVE THE SPANISH PRONUNCIATION OF THAT. SHE IS THE CO PRODUCER OF DESPERADO AND FROM DUSK TILL DAWN PRODUCER OF THE SPY KIDS MOVIES. AND WAS THIS YEAR INDUCTED INTO THE TEXAS FILM HALL OF FAME. AS THE FIRST RECIPIENT OF THE ANN RICHARDS AWARD. JUST WANTED OUR AUDIENCE WITH WHOM WERE SPEAKING HERE. GET BACK TO THE LATIN CULTURE, IS THERE ANYTHING THAT IS UNIQUE AMONG LATINO FILM MAKERS EACH ONE BRINGS YOU KNOW THEIR OWN SENSIBILITY BUT I THINK ONE OF THE BEAUTIFUL THINGS ABOUT LATINO FILM MAKERS THAT HAVE COME AND THIS YEAR WE'VE SEEN A LOT OF YOU KNOW INFORMATION ABOUT THEIR MOVIES CAUSE THEY'VE BEEN NOMINATED FOR OSCARS AND YOU KNOW. ALL KINDS OF INFORMATION AND ALL KINDS OF ACTORS ARE POPPING UP. IT USED TO BE MAYBE 1 OR 2, BUT I THINK THEY BRING THAT PERSPECTIVE FROM THE UM YOU KNOW THEIR CULTURE THAT YOU KNOW AT HOME THEY HEAR AND THAT THEY'VE SEEN AND THAT THEIR PARENTS SPEAK SPANISH OR, ALSO THE PALLET OF COLORS THAT WHEN YOU GO TO PLACES WHERE YOUR FROM, IT'S A DIFFERENT PALLET IT'S A DIFFERENT TEXTURE AND I THINK THAT IN OUR FILMS LIKE ONCE UPON A TIME IN MEXICO YOU SEE THAT PALLET YOU SEE THE COLORS. WE BROUGHT THAT INTO IT EVEN IN DESPERADO AND THAT'S SOMETHING THAT ROBERT RODRIGUEZ THE DIRECTOR WANTED TO PUT OUT THERE. IT'S A DIFFERENT COLOR AND WERE STARTING TO SEE THOSE KIND OF COLORS HERE IN THE UNITED STATES BECAUSE THERE'S SO MUCH SO MANY LATINO'S THAT ARE HERE PLUS AMERICANS LOVE YOU KNOW THE BIG MEXICAN FURNITURE IN THEIR HOMES AND IT REALLY STARTING TO SEE THINGS LIKE THAT HERE. AND I THINK IT'S REALLY THE FABRIC IS STARTING TO WE'VE ITSELF VERY DEEPLY INTO THIS COUNTRY DR. UH YOUR DOCUMENTARY ENOUGH IS ABOUT KIDNAPPING IN MEXICO, KIDNAPPING NOT AMONG THE WEALTHY. KIDNAPPING SOMETIMES FOR 50 DOLLARS IF YOU WILL. KIDNAPPING AT SO PERVASIVE THAT YOUR DOCUMENTARY FILM POINTS OUT FAIR OR UNFAIR THAT MEXICO IS A STATEMENT MEXICO IS TEETERING ON THE BRINK OF BECOMING A LAWLESS NARCO STATE OR IS THAT OVERSTATING. IT, IT'S PERHAPS SLIGHTLY OVERSTATED BUT I THINK THAT WE LIVE IN, IN MEXICO THERE'S A VERY DELICATE BALANCE THAT'S BEING UH RESOLVED RIGHT NOW AND THE ATTEMPT IS TO RESOLVE IT AND I THINK THE NARCO PEOPLE HAVE TREMENDOUS POWER BECAUSE OF THE ECONOMIC REALITIES THE WAY IN WHICH THEY CAN CORRUPT SYSTEMS AND INSTITUTIONS UH BUT THE KIDNAPPING AND THE CRIME PROBABLY IN MEXICO ISN'T REALLY FIRST AND FOREMOST A NARCO PROBLEM IT'S RELATED TO A BROADER CORRUPTION WITHIN INSTITUTIONS AND POLICE AND SO ON. TRUE OR UNTRUE. THAT 7 OUT OF THE 10 OF THE KIDNAPPINGS HAVE BELIEVED TO BE BY A POLICE MAN OR FORM OF POLICEMAN. THAT IS ONE UM, STATEMENT UHM THAT HAS BEEN PUBLISHED IN MEXICAN NEWSPAPERS UH WERE FINDING THAT UH SOME JOURNALISTS THAT REPORT IT. IT'S IT'S REALLY HARD TO KNOW THE EXACT NUMBERS FOR ONE THING THERE'S TREMENDOUS IMPUTE IN MEXICO IF YOU COMMIT A CRIME IN MEXICO AND YOU ARENT CAUGHT IN THE PROCESS OF COMMITTING THAT CRIME IT'S VERY HARD TO BE TRACKED DOWN BY THE POLICE FORCE. THERE ARE GOOD POLICE IN MEXICO I WANNA EMPHASIZE THAT BUT UM, THE POLICE IN MEXICO LACK TRAINING. THERE ARE NO DETECTIVES AS WE USUALLY THINK ABOUT THEM HERE. SO THERE'S TREMENDOUS IMPUNITY FOR CRIMINAL, CRIMINALS BASICALLY SO THAT'S PART OF THE DIFFICULTY AND THAT MAKES IT HARD TO ALSO TO KNOW WHO ALL'S COMMITTING THE CRIME. WANNA KEEP THIS IN CONTEXT AND IN CONTEXT OF WHAT WERE TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH AS THIS PROGRAM THAT WE'VE DONE 2 PROGRAMS ABOUT MEXICO AND THE DIFFICULTY OF CRIME IN THE COUNTRY NOW TO THAT PERSON WHO'S IN THE LIVING ROOM OR IN THIS LIVE AUDIENCE WHO'S SAYING LISTEN I'M SIMPATICO WITH LATINO CULTURE AND THE GROWTH OF LATINO CULTURE AROUND THE COUNTRY. I'M SIMPATICO WITH PEOPLE WANTING TO COME IN AND WANTING TO SHARE WHAT WE CALL THE AMERICAN DREAM. YOU KNOW WHAT I'M AFRAID CAUSE I HEAR ABOUT THE KIDNAPPINGS I HEAR ABOUT THE SPREAD OF NARCO TERRORISM WITHIN MEXICO ITSELF AND WHAT CAN YOU SAY TO THAT PERSON WHO MAY ALLAY THESE FEARS OR DO YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THESE FEARS ARE JUSTIFIED IN LIVE AND VIABLE. BUT BY A LARGE I MEAN THE PEOPLE THAT ARE HERE ARE NOT COMMITTING THOSE CRIMES AND THERE'S A LOT OF LATINOS IN THIS COUNTRY AND I DON'T THINK THAT THERE SHOULD BE A FEAR I THINK THAT WE SHOULD TRY TO MAKE SURE THAT THESE PEOPLE CAN ACHIEVE THE AMERICAN DREAM WHICH IS WHY THEY COME HERE THAT'S WHY THIS COUNTRY ATTRACTS PEOPLE FROM ALL OVER THE WORLD IT'S A, THAT'S WHAT THE AMERICAN DREAM IS ABOUT BEING ABLE TO GO FROM HAVING NOTHING WHICH MANY IMMIGRANTS HAVE COME FROM NOTHING AND BE ABLE TO THERE ALMOST STEPS THAT YOU CAN TAKE THROUGH EDUCATION HARD WORK AND GET SOMEWHERE AND I BELIEVE THAT BECAUSE AMERICA HAS THAT IT'S THE REASON THEY COME HERE AND THEY WORK HARD AND THEN MAYBE THEIR CHILDREN CAN GO TO COLLEGE THEN IF NOT THEIR GRAND CHILDREN AND LITTLE BY LITTLE THEY ASSIMILATE INTO THE CULTURE AND THE AND THE WHOLE FAMILY GETS RAISED FROM A LEVEL OF POVERTY THAT WOULD COST THEM TO MAYBE COMMIT THOSE CRIMES. THERE IS A SOCIAL ISSUE WITH IT I THINK WE'VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT THE SPREAD OF LATINO CULTURE AND CLEARLY FILMS THAT HAVE A LATINO CONTEXT OR LATINO STORY HAVE BECAME INCREASINGLY POPULAR. WHO IS THE BASIC AUDIENCE FOR LATINO FILMS. I THINK AMERICA IS, IS YOU KNOW I, YOU TO BE UM BE STRATEGIC ABOUT HOW YOU DO IT I CALL IT THE ICED TEA SYNDROME WHICH IS YOU IT'S ICED TEA SO AMERICANS UNDERSTAND ICED TEA BUT WE PUT PASSION THROUGH ICED TEA. IT HAS A ZING TO IT AND A DIFFERENT FLAVOR ALONG WITH THE ICED TEA AND I BELIEVE THAT THE SPY KIDS MOVIES DID THAT WE MADE THOSE MOVIES BY BEING A VERY UNIVERSAL THEME AND YET BRINGING IN A FAMILY THAT WAS FROM SOMEWHERE IN LATIN AMERICA. WE DIDN'T SPECIFY ANYTHING AND THE KIDS WERE CARMEN CORTEZ AND JULIE CORTEZ AND YOU KNOW YOU SAW THEIR HOME WAS A LITTLE DIFFERENT AND YET THEY COMPLETELY YOU KNOW SPOKE TO THE KIDS HERE. A LITTLE GIRL NAME CARMEN WAS ALL OF A SUDDEN LIKE OH MY GOD MY FRIEND'S NAME IS CARMEN SOME AMERICAN KID WHO HAD NOT REALLY SEEN THAT ON THE SCREEN BEFORE AND I THINK MORE FILMS LIKE THAT CAN HELP THE UNIFICATION AND THE YOU KNOW THE HARMONIC CULTURE ALWAYS UNIFIES US, AND THE ARTS I BELIEVE THAT AND UH THAT'S WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO SO MANY IMMIGRANTS THAT HAVE COME HERE DR. ARE YOU CONCERNED ABOUT XENOPHOBIA IN THIS COUNTRY THAT IS TO SAY THAT THE INCREASING INFLUENCE OF LATIN CULTURE THROUGH FILMS AND THE ARTS AND IN GENERAL WILL LEAD TO A DEFENSIVENESS AND A FEAR AMONG THOSE ALREADY IN THIS COUNTRY WHO ARE NOT OF LATINO EXTRACTION. ARE YOU CONCERNED ABOUT THAT OR DO YOU THINK ALREADY TOO MUCH HAD BEEN SAID ABOUT IT NO I THINK IT'S A VERY REAL UH PHENOMENA I MEAN I THINK THAT'S PART OF WHY THIS WALL IS BEING BUILT ALONG THE BOARDER YOU KNOW THERE'S TREMENDOUS ANXIETY ALONG MAINSTREAM AMERICA AT LEAST IN SOME QUARTERS OF MAINSTREAM AMERICA ABOUT THE IMPLICATIONS OF THESE CHANGES AND I THINK THAT'S ON THE ONE HAND THAT'S A NATURAL ANXIETY THAT IS PEOPLE BECOME ANXIOUS WHEN THERE'S CHANGE THAT INVOLVES HOW THEIR LIVES WORK OR HOW THE TERMS THAT THEY USED TO DEFINE THEMSELVES. I THINK WE ALSO HAVE ANXIETY ABOUT PEOPLE WHO ARE DIFFERENT FROM US AND THOSE ARE NATURAL ANXIETIES AND USUALLY THERE FACED AS WE HAVE MORE CONTACT WITH THOSE PEOPLE NOT JUST THE PROJECTIONS THAT WE HAVE ON THEM THAT'S PART OF HOW WE VILLANIZE THEM AND HOW WE MAKE THEM FEEL DANGEROUS AND PROBLEMATIC BUT I THINK THIS PHENOMENA THAT YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT THE FACT THAT, THAT LATINO TOPICS IN FILMS AND IN CULTURAL ARTIFACTS IF YOU WILL ARE BEING ACCEPTED WITHIN MAINSTREAM AMERICA TO ME THAT SAYS SOMETHING ABOUT THE WAY IN WHICH MAINSTREAM AMERICA ITSELF IS CHANGING MAYBE IN WAYS THAT PEOPLE DON'T THINK THERE NOT REFLECTING ON IT BUT, YOU KNOW WHEN YOU GO TO A, TO A RESTAURANT AND ORDER A MARGARITA. MARGARITA YOU KNOW THAT'S SOMETHING WAS UM 20, 30 YEARS AGO PEOPLE DIDN'T DO THAT BUT NOW EVERYBODY DOES IT AND IT FEELS NATURAL AND IT'S JUST WHAT YOU WANT OT DO YOU KNOW OR THE SPOT THAT YOU JUST HAD ABOUT THE BOWL OF SALSA OVERTAKING KETCHUP YOU KNOW. YOU SIT AT A RESTAURANT PEOPLE BRING YOU CHIPS AND YOU START DIPPING AND IT JUST FEELS LIKE I'VE BEEN EATING THIS ALL MY LIFE IT DOESN'T FEEL STRANGE OR THAT'S PART OF ONE OF THE WAY IN WHICH THOSE XENOPHOBIC TENDENCIES TEND TO GET BROKEN DOWN. BECAUSE YOU START REALIZING THAT SOME OF WHAT IS LATINO IS SOMETHING THAT YOU LIKE ALSO. WERE NEED TO LEAVE IT THERE I WISH WE HAD MORE TIME TO TALK BUT I REALLY APPRECIATE YOU COMING IN TONIGHT THANK YOU VERY MUCH. AND WHEN WE COME BACK A CONVERSATION WITH PULITZER PRIZE WINNING AUTHOR AND PREEMINENT BIOGRAPHER OF PRESIDENT LINDEN JOHNSON. ROBERT CARO

IT IS PERHAPS FITTING AS WE TALK OF THE CHALLENGES FACED BY AND GAINES MADE BY LATINOS IN THE UNITED STATES THAT WE DO SO IN THIS PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY OF LINDEN JOHNSON WHO SO DEDICATED HIS PRESIDENCY TO THE CAUSE OF CIVIL RIGHTS. I HAD A CHANCE TO SIT DOWN WITH ROBERT CARO DIVINITY BIOGRAPHER OF THE 36TH PRESIDENT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE JOHNSON CIVIL RIGHTS LEGACY

WHAT IS THE CORE WHAT DISTINGUISHES THE LINDEN J LIBRARY. THE HEART OF IT FOR ME ARE THESE PAPERS THAT THEY HAVE HERE I THINK THEY SAY THEY HAVE 34 MILLION DOCUMENTS I DON'T KNOW I HAVEN'T COUNTED THEM. BUT IF YOUR INTERESTED IN POLITICS LINDEN JOHNSON WAS THE MASTER POLITICIAN OF HIS AGE AND IF YOUR INTERESTED IN HOW HE DID IT. HOW POLITICS WORK WHEN EXERCISED BY A MASTER, ALL OF IT IS IN THESE PAGES. WHAT CENTRAL THING DID LINDEN JOHNSON NEVER WANT YOU TO KNOW LINDEN JOHNSON NEVER WANTED ANYONE TO KNOW, THE TRUE CIRCUMSTANCES OF HIS YOUTH, HE GREW UP AN ALMOST INCREDIBLE POVERTY HE WAS THE SON OF A MAN WHO UNTIL HE WAS 13 YEARS OLD WAS THE MOST RESPECTED IN HIS AREA OF THE HILL COUNTRY. SAM JOHNSON HE WAS 6 TIMES ELECTED TO THE LEGISLATURE HE WAS A GREAT POPULIST LEGISLATURE. THEN HE FELL INTO BANKRUPTCY AND DISGRACE, AND LINDEN JOHNSON LIVED THE REST OF HIS BOYHOOD ON THE EDGE OF AN INSECURITY SO GREAT THAT EACH MONTH THEY WERE AFRAID THEY WERE GONNA LOOSE THEIR HOUSE. AND THAT'S WHAT HE DIDN'T WANT YOU TO KNOW, HOW SAD HOW DRIVEN HOW POVERTY STRICKEN HIS YOUTH REALLY WAS. YES WHEN HE BECAME CONGRESSMAN IN 1937 THERE WAS BASICALLY NO ELECTRICITY IN THE HILL COUNTRY, THAT MEANT NOT ONLY DID THEY NOT HAVE RADIOS AND MOVIES BUT EVERY FARM CHORE HAD TO BE PERFORMED BY HAND, BY MANUAL LABOR. THERE WERE NO WASHING MACHINES MOST POIGNANT THING FOR ME WAS WATER BECAUSE A LOT OF THESE WOMEN HAD A YOKE JUST LIKE THE YOKE FOR 2 CATTLE SO THEY COULD CARRY 2 BUCKETS OF WATER AT A TIME AND THEY WOULD SAY TO ME, DO YOU SEE HOW STOOPED I AM SEE HOW BENT I AM. IN THE HILL COUNTRY THE WORD IS BENT. I THOUGHT THEY WERE JUST OLD. THEY SAID NO I GOT BENT LIKE THIS WHEN I WAS YOUNG I WAS BENT LIKE THIS WHEN I WAS 40, THAT I WAS BENT FOR CARRYING THE WATER. HE SAYS IF YOU ELECT ME I WILL BRING YOU ELECTRICITY. WELL THEY ELECT HIM RIGHT AND ONE OF HIS LINES WAS CAUSE HE WAS A POLITICAL GENUS. HE SAYS IF YOU ELECT ME YOU WONT LOOK LIKE YOUR MOTHER. QUOTE LINDEN JOHNSON. WE HAVE TALKED LONG ENOUGH IN THIS COUNTRY ABOUT EQUAL RIGHTS WE HAVE TALKED FOR 100 YEARS OF MORE IT IS NOW TIME TO WRITE IT IN THE BOOKS OF LAW LINDEN JOHNSON AND CIVIL RIGHTS, LINDEN JOHNSON AND PEOPLE OF COLOR. IS ONE OF THE GREAT AMERICAN STORIES IN AMERICAN HISTORY. YOU KNOW IF YOU LOOK AT JOHNSON'S LIFE YOU SAY FOR THE FIRST 20 YEARS HE WAS IN CONGRESS AND THE SENATE. 1937 TO 1957, HE WAS AN OPPONENT OF CIVIL RIGHTS. AND WHEN HE GOT POWER HE SUDDENLY TURNS AND PASSES THE FIRST CIVIL RIGHTS BILL THAT HAS BEEN PASSED SINCE RECONSTRUCTION. SO YOU HAVE TO SAY IN ALL HONESTY HE DIDN'T CHANGE UNTIL THIS COMPASSION THAT HE HAD FOR POOR PEOPLE OF COLOR AND HIS AMBITIONS WERE POINTED IN THE SAME DIRECTION. BUT WHO CARED AS SOON AS HE CHANGED HE BECAME THE MOST EFFECTIVE CIVIL RIGHTS PRESIDENT LET'S FAST FORWARD TO NOW 21ST CENTURY 2007, YOU HAVE A CAMP FOR WHATEVER MOTIVATION. WHERE CHILDREN ARE KEPT AND NOT GIVEN SCHOOLING. ONE CAN ONLY GUESS BUT WHAT WOULD YOU THINK LINDEN JOHNSON WOULD THINK ABOUT THAT? I THINK HE WOULD HE WOULD FEEL IN THE DEPTHS OF HIS BEING, OUTRAGED. WHAT HE WANTED TO DO FOR POOR PEOPLE AND PARTICULARLY POOR PEOPLE OF COLOR IS UNPARALLEL IN AMERICAN HISTORY HE WAS I SA, I WROTE SOMETHING TO THE EFFECT THAT IT WAS ABRAHAM LINCOLN WHO STRUCK OFF THE CHANGES FROM AMERICANS BLACKS BTU IT WAS LINDEN JOHNSON WHO LEAD THEM INTO THE VOTING BOOTH. PUT THEIR HAND ON THE LEVER, PULLED THE SACRED CURTIN OF DEMOCRACY BEHIND THEM AND GAVE THEM THEIR OWN POWER WE'VE HAD WITHIN RECENT DAYS FRONT PAGE PICTURE SELMA ALABAMA SEEN ON THE BRIDGE SENATOR BARACK OBAMA SENATOR HILLARY CLINTON, PRESIDENT CLINTON, WHAT DID YOU THINK ABOUT WHEN YOU SAW THAT AND THOUGHT ABOUT LINDEN JOHNSON. I THOUGHT ABOUT HIM GIVING THE WE SHALL OVERCOME SPEECH. THIS IS AFTER THE BEATINGS IN SELMA WHEN HE SAYS HE'S GONNA PROPOSE VOTING RIGHTS LEGISLATION AND HE GIVES THIS SPEECH TO CONGRESS AND WHICH HE SAYS THEIR CAUSE MUST BE OUR CAUSE TOO. BECAUSE IT IS NOT JUST NEGROS BUT IT IS ALL OF US WHO MUST OVERCOME BIGOTRY AND INJUSTICE. I MEAN ALL THESE MARCHES HAD BEEN SINGING WE SHALL OVERCOME THIS WAS THE GREAT HYMN OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT THEY SANG IT WHEN THEY WERE BEATEN THEY WERE SINGING IT IN THE POLICE PADDY WAGONS WHEN THEY WERE TAKING THEM OFF TO JAIL THE SOUTHERN JAILS. IF YOU LOOK AT LINDEN JOHNSON GIVING THAT SPEECH THERE IS A FACE THAT LINDEN JOHNSON HAS WHEN HE'S DETERMINED TO WIN AND AS HE GETS UP TO THOSE WORDS WE SHALL OVERCOME YOU CAN SEE THAT JAR COME OUT AND YOU SEE THE EYES NARROW, AND OVER HIS FACE COMES AN EXPRESSION. WELL' ONE LAST QUOTE. UM IT'S NOT A DELICATE ONE. IF YOU'VE GOT EM BY THE BALLS THERE HEART AND MIND WILL FOLLOW. WELL JOHNSON ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW A MANS WEAKNESS YOU KNOW WHENEVER HE COULD HE WANTED TO HAVE A HOLD OVER THEM, WHY ARE ALL THESE PAPERS IN THE LIBRARY WHY DID HE SAVE THEM CAUSE HE WANTED TO BE ABLE TO REMIND THEM, TO REMIND THEM OF WHAT HE HAD DONE FOR THEM

AS CIVIL RIGHTS WAS IN PRESIDENT JOHNSON'S DAY IMMIGRATION IN MANY WAYS IS FOR US TODAY ONE OF THE MOST CONTENTIOUS ISSUES ON OUR POLITICAL LANDSCAPE, FEW SUBJECTS STIR UP SUCH RAW EMOTION AS DOES THE SUBJECT OF IMMIGRATION BOTH ILLEGAL AND LEGAL. REGARDLESS OF WHERE ONE STANDS ON THIS QUESTION THOUGH. OUR SHIFTING DEMOGRAPHICS, OUTLANDISH SHARED DESTINY THAT IS UNDENIABLE. AMERICA IS YET AGAIN THE UN PREVERBAL SEA CHANGE AS OUR LATINO AND HISPANIC POPULATIONS CONTINUE TO REDEFINE THE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE AND AS REPUBLICAN AND DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATES BEGIN THEIR QUEST FOR THE PRESIDENCY WE MIGHT ALSO WONDER IF TODAY'S NEW AMERICANS WILL JOIN PAST GENERATIONS OF IMMIGRANTS IN TRANSLATING THEIR GROWING NUMBERS INTO POLITICAL POWER. WILL THE LATINO VOTE OR NOT BE THE X FACTOR FOR THE 2008 PRESIDENTIAL RACE. SOMETHING TO PONDER AS WE CONTINUE TO DEBATE. FOR HDNET, FROM THE LINDEN JOHNSON BAINES LIBRARY OF THE CAMPUS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS. DAN RATHER REPORTING.

(CROWD CHEERING)